Ancient Kingdoms: Pragjyotisha, Kamarupa – mentioned in epics and Puranas.
Ahom Dynasty (13th–19th century): Ruled Assam for ~600 years; known for military strength and administrative systems.
Colonial Period: Annexed by the British after the First Anglo-Burmese War (1826).
Post-independence: Became a constituent state of India in 1950. Several states (Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh) were carved out of Assam.